Temporal increase in D614G mutation of SARS-CoV-2 in the Middle East and North Africa
Identifieur interne : 000774 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000773; suivant : 000775Temporal increase in D614G mutation of SARS-CoV-2 in the Middle East and North Africa
Auteurs : Malik Sallam [Jordanie, Suède] ; Nidaa A. Ababneh [Jordanie] ; Deema Dababseh [Jordanie] ; Faris G. Bakri [Jordanie] ; Azmi Mahafzah [Jordanie]Source :
- Heliyon [ 2405-8440 ] ; 2021.
Abstract
Phylogeny construction can help to reveal evolutionary relatedness among molecular sequences. The spike (
The SARS-CoV-2
A total of 553 MENA sequences were analyzed and the most frequent
The D614G mutation appeared to be taking over the COVID-19 infections in the MENA. Bayesian analysis suggested that SARS-CoV-2 might have been circulating in MENA earlier than previously reported.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06035
PubMed: 33495741
PubMed Central: 7817394
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 000193
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 000193
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 000004
- to stream PubMed, to step Corpus: 000051
- to stream PubMed, to step Curation: 000050
- to stream PubMed, to step Checkpoint: 000011
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 000774
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 000774
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Temporal increase in D614G mutation of SARS-CoV-2 in the Middle East and North Africa</title><author><name sortKey="Sallam, Malik" sort="Sallam, Malik" uniqKey="Sallam M" first="Malik" last="Sallam">Malik Sallam</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ababneh, Nidaa A" sort="Ababneh, Nidaa A" uniqKey="Ababneh N" first="Nidaa A." last="Ababneh">Nidaa A. Ababneh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Cell Therapy Center (CTC), The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Cell Therapy Center (CTC), The University of Jordan, Amman</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dababseh, Deema" sort="Dababseh, Deema" uniqKey="Dababseh D" first="Deema" last="Dababseh">Deema Dababseh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5">School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bakri, Faris G" sort="Bakri, Faris G" uniqKey="Bakri F" first="Faris G." last="Bakri">Faris G. Bakri</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7">Department of Internal Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8">Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Center, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Center, University of Jordan, Amman</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mahafzah, Azmi" sort="Mahafzah, Azmi" uniqKey="Mahafzah A" first="Azmi" last="Mahafzah">Azmi Mahafzah</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">33495741</idno><idno type="pmc">7817394</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7817394</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:7817394</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06035</idno><date when="2021">2021</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000193</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000193</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000193</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000193</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000004</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000004</idno><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><idno type="RBID">pubmed:33495741</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000051</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000051</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000050</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000050</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000011</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000011</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000774</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000774</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000774</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Temporal increase in D614G mutation of SARS-CoV-2 in the Middle East and North Africa</title><author><name sortKey="Sallam, Malik" sort="Sallam, Malik" uniqKey="Sallam M" first="Malik" last="Sallam">Malik Sallam</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ababneh, Nidaa A" sort="Ababneh, Nidaa A" uniqKey="Ababneh N" first="Nidaa A." last="Ababneh">Nidaa A. Ababneh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Cell Therapy Center (CTC), The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Cell Therapy Center (CTC), The University of Jordan, Amman</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dababseh, Deema" sort="Dababseh, Deema" uniqKey="Dababseh D" first="Deema" last="Dababseh">Deema Dababseh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5">School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bakri, Faris G" sort="Bakri, Faris G" uniqKey="Bakri F" first="Faris G." last="Bakri">Faris G. Bakri</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7">Department of Internal Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8">Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Center, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Center, University of Jordan, Amman</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mahafzah, Azmi" sort="Mahafzah, Azmi" uniqKey="Mahafzah A" first="Azmi" last="Mahafzah">Azmi Mahafzah</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Heliyon</title><idno type="eISSN">2405-8440</idno><imprint><date when="2021">2021</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Phylogeny construction can help to reveal evolutionary relatedness among molecular sequences. The spike (<italic>S</italic>) gene of SARS-CoV-2 is the subject of an immune selective pressure which increases the variability in such region. This study aimed to identify mutations in the <italic>S</italic> gene among SARS-CoV-2 sequences collected in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), focusing on the D614G mutation, that has a presumed fitness advantage. Another aim was to analyze the <italic>S</italic> gene sequences phylogenetically.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>The SARS-CoV-2 <italic>S</italic> gene sequences collected in the MENA were retrieved from the GISAID public database, together with its metadata. Mutation analysis was conducted in Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis software. Phylogenetic analysis was done using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Result</title><p>A total of 553 MENA sequences were analyzed and the most frequent <italic>S</italic> gene mutations included: D614G = 435, Q677H = 8, and V6F = 5. A significant increase in the proportion of D614G was noticed from (63.0%) in February 2020, to (98.5%) in June 2020 (p < 0.001). Two large phylogenetic clusters were identified via ML analysis, which showed an evidence of inter-country mixing of sequences, which dated back to February 8, 2020 and March 15, 2020 (median estimates). The mean evolutionary rate for SARS-CoV-2 was about 6.5 × 10<sup>−3</sup> substitutions/site/year based on large clusters' Bayesian analyses.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The D614G mutation appeared to be taking over the COVID-19 infections in the MENA. Bayesian analysis suggested that SARS-CoV-2 might have been circulating in MENA earlier than previously reported.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Abdullahi, I N" uniqKey="Abdullahi I">I.N. Abdullahi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Emeribe, A U" uniqKey="Emeribe A">A.U. Emeribe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ajayi, O A" uniqKey="Ajayi O">O.A. Ajayi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Oderinde, B S" uniqKey="Oderinde B">B.S. Oderinde</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amadu, D O" uniqKey="Amadu D">D.O. Amadu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Osuji, A I" uniqKey="Osuji A">A.I. Osuji</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Agostini, M L" uniqKey="Agostini M">M.L. Agostini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Andres, E L" uniqKey="Andres E">E.L. Andres</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sims, A C" uniqKey="Sims A">A.C. Sims</name></author><author><name sortKey="Graham, R L" uniqKey="Graham R">R.L. Graham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sheahan, T P" uniqKey="Sheahan T">T.P. Sheahan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, X" uniqKey="Lu X">X. Lu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, E C" uniqKey="Smith E">E.C. Smith</name></author><author><name sortKey="Case, J B" uniqKey="Case J">J.B. Case</name></author><author><name sortKey="Feng, J Y" uniqKey="Feng J">J.Y. Feng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jordan, R" uniqKey="Jordan R">R. Jordan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ray, A S" uniqKey="Ray A">A.S. Ray</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cihlar, T" uniqKey="Cihlar T">T. Cihlar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Siegel, D" uniqKey="Siegel D">D. Siegel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mackman, R L" uniqKey="Mackman R">R.L. Mackman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Clarke, M O" uniqKey="Clarke M">M.O. Clarke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baric, R S" uniqKey="Baric R">R.S. Baric</name></author><author><name sortKey="Denison, M R" uniqKey="Denison M">M.R. Denison</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Anisimova, M" uniqKey="Anisimova M">M. Anisimova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gil, M" uniqKey="Gil M">M. Gil</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dufayard, J F" uniqKey="Dufayard J">J.F. Dufayard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dessimoz, C" uniqKey="Dessimoz C">C. Dessimoz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gascuel, O" uniqKey="Gascuel O">O. Gascuel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Anisimova, M" uniqKey="Anisimova M">M. Anisimova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liberles, D A" uniqKey="Liberles D">D.A. Liberles</name></author><author><name sortKey="Philippe, H" uniqKey="Philippe H">H. Philippe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Provan, J" uniqKey="Provan J">J. Provan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pupko, T" uniqKey="Pupko T">T. Pupko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Von Haeseler, A" uniqKey="Von Haeseler A">A. von Haeseler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Becerra Flores, M" uniqKey="Becerra Flores M">M. Becerra-Flores</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cardozo, T" uniqKey="Cardozo T">T. Cardozo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chen, W H" uniqKey="Chen W">W.H. Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hotez, P J" uniqKey="Hotez P">P.J. Hotez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bottazzi, M E" uniqKey="Bottazzi M">M.E. Bottazzi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cherry, J D" uniqKey="Cherry J">J.D. Cherry</name></author><author><name sortKey="Krogstad, P" uniqKey="Krogstad P">P. Krogstad</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ciccozzi, M" uniqKey="Ciccozzi M">M. Ciccozzi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lai, A" uniqKey="Lai A">A. Lai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zehender, G" uniqKey="Zehender G">G. Zehender</name></author><author><name sortKey="Borsetti, A" uniqKey="Borsetti A">A. Borsetti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cella, E" uniqKey="Cella E">E. Cella</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ciotti, M" uniqKey="Ciotti M">M. Ciotti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sagnelli, E" uniqKey="Sagnelli E">E. Sagnelli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sagnelli, C" uniqKey="Sagnelli C">C. Sagnelli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Angeletti, S" uniqKey="Angeletti S">S. Angeletti</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Colijn, C" uniqKey="Colijn C">C. Colijn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Plazzotta, G" uniqKey="Plazzotta G">G. Plazzotta</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Da Ar, O B" uniqKey="Da Ar O">O.B. Da'ar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Haji, M" uniqKey="Haji M">M. Haji</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jradi, H" uniqKey="Jradi H">H. Jradi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Daw, M" uniqKey="Daw M">M. Daw</name></author><author><name sortKey="El Bouzedi, A" uniqKey="El Bouzedi A">A. El-Bouzedi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ahmed, M" uniqKey="Ahmed M">M. Ahmed</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cheikh, Y" uniqKey="Cheikh Y">Y. Cheikh</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Daw, M A" uniqKey="Daw M">M.A. Daw</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Delabouglise, A" uniqKey="Delabouglise A">A. Delabouglise</name></author><author><name sortKey="Choisy, M" uniqKey="Choisy M">M. Choisy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Phan, T D" uniqKey="Phan T">T.D. Phan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Antoine Moussiaux, N" uniqKey="Antoine Moussiaux N">N. Antoine-Moussiaux</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peyre, M" uniqKey="Peyre M">M. Peyre</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vu, T D" uniqKey="Vu T">T.D. Vu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pfeiffer, D U" uniqKey="Pfeiffer D">D.U. Pfeiffer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fournie, G" uniqKey="Fournie G">G. Fournie</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Deng, X" uniqKey="Deng X">X. Deng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gu, W" uniqKey="Gu W">W. Gu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Federman, S" uniqKey="Federman S">S. Federman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Du Plessis, L" uniqKey="Du Plessis L">L. du Plessis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pybus, O G" uniqKey="Pybus O">O.G. Pybus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Faria, N" uniqKey="Faria N">N. Faria</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, C" uniqKey="Wang C">C. Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yu, G" uniqKey="Yu G">G. Yu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bushnell, B" uniqKey="Bushnell B">B. Bushnell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pan, C Y" uniqKey="Pan C">C.Y. Pan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guevara, H" uniqKey="Guevara H">H. Guevara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sotomayor Gonzalez, A" uniqKey="Sotomayor Gonzalez A">A. Sotomayor-Gonzalez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zorn, K" uniqKey="Zorn K">K. Zorn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gopez, A" uniqKey="Gopez A">A. Gopez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Servellita, V" uniqKey="Servellita V">V. Servellita</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hsu, E" uniqKey="Hsu E">E. Hsu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Miller, S" uniqKey="Miller S">S. Miller</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bedford, T" uniqKey="Bedford T">T. Bedford</name></author><author><name sortKey="Greninger, A L" uniqKey="Greninger A">A.L. Greninger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Roychoudhury, P" uniqKey="Roychoudhury P">P. Roychoudhury</name></author><author><name sortKey="Starita, L M" uniqKey="Starita L">L.M. Starita</name></author><author><name sortKey="Famulare, M" uniqKey="Famulare M">M. Famulare</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chu, H Y" uniqKey="Chu H">H.Y. Chu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shendure, J" uniqKey="Shendure J">J. Shendure</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jerome, K R" uniqKey="Jerome K">K.R. Jerome</name></author><author><name sortKey="Anderson, C" uniqKey="Anderson C">C. Anderson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gangavarapu, K" uniqKey="Gangavarapu K">K. Gangavarapu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zeller, M" uniqKey="Zeller M">M. Zeller</name></author><author><name sortKey="Spencer, E" uniqKey="Spencer E">E. Spencer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Andersen, K G" uniqKey="Andersen K">K.G. Andersen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maccannell, D" uniqKey="Maccannell D">D. MacCannell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Paden, C R" uniqKey="Paden C">C.R. Paden</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Y" uniqKey="Li Y">Y. Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, J" uniqKey="Zhang J">J. Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tong, S" uniqKey="Tong S">S. Tong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Armstrong, G" uniqKey="Armstrong G">G. Armstrong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Morrow, S" uniqKey="Morrow S">S. Morrow</name></author><author><name sortKey="Willis, M" uniqKey="Willis M">M. Willis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Matyas, B T" uniqKey="Matyas B">B.T. Matyas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mase, S" uniqKey="Mase S">S. Mase</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kasirye, O" uniqKey="Kasirye O">O. Kasirye</name></author><author><name sortKey="Park, M" uniqKey="Park M">M. Park</name></author><author><name sortKey="Masinde, G" uniqKey="Masinde G">G. Masinde</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, C" uniqKey="Chan C">C. Chan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yu, A T" uniqKey="Yu A">A.T. Yu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chai, S J" uniqKey="Chai S">S.J. Chai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Villarino, E" uniqKey="Villarino E">E. Villarino</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bonin, B" uniqKey="Bonin B">B. Bonin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wadford, D A" uniqKey="Wadford D">D.A. Wadford</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chiu, C Y" uniqKey="Chiu C">C.Y. Chiu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Drummond, A J" uniqKey="Drummond A">A.J. Drummond</name></author><author><name sortKey="Suchard, M A" uniqKey="Suchard M">M.A. Suchard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Xie, D" uniqKey="Xie D">D. Xie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A. Rambaut</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Duffy, S" uniqKey="Duffy S">S. Duffy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shackelton, L A" uniqKey="Shackelton L">L.A. Shackelton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Holmes, E C" uniqKey="Holmes E">E.C. Holmes</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Eaaswarkhanth, M" uniqKey="Eaaswarkhanth M">M. Eaaswarkhanth</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Madhoun, A" uniqKey="Al Madhoun A">A. Al Madhoun</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Mulla, F" uniqKey="Al Mulla F">F. Al-Mulla</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Elbe, S" uniqKey="Elbe S">S. Elbe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Buckland Merrett, G" uniqKey="Buckland Merrett G">G. Buckland-Merrett</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Farkas, C" uniqKey="Farkas C">C. Farkas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fuentes Villalobos, F" uniqKey="Fuentes Villalobos F">F. Fuentes-Villalobos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garrido, J L" uniqKey="Garrido J">J.L. Garrido</name></author><author><name sortKey="Haigh, J" uniqKey="Haigh J">J. Haigh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barria, M I" uniqKey="Barria M">M.I. Barria</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fehr, A R" uniqKey="Fehr A">A.R. Fehr</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perlman, S" uniqKey="Perlman S">S. Perlman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Forster, P" uniqKey="Forster P">P. Forster</name></author><author><name sortKey="Forster, L" uniqKey="Forster L">L. Forster</name></author><author><name sortKey="Renfrew, C" uniqKey="Renfrew C">C. Renfrew</name></author><author><name sortKey="Forster, M" uniqKey="Forster M">M. Forster</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Giovanetti, M" uniqKey="Giovanetti M">M. Giovanetti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Benvenuto, D" uniqKey="Benvenuto D">D. Benvenuto</name></author><author><name sortKey="Angeletti, S" uniqKey="Angeletti S">S. Angeletti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ciccozzi, M" uniqKey="Ciccozzi M">M. Ciccozzi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gong, Y N" uniqKey="Gong Y">Y.N. Gong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tsao, K C" uniqKey="Tsao K">K.C. Tsao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hsiao, M J" uniqKey="Hsiao M">M.J. Hsiao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, C G" uniqKey="Huang C">C.G. Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, P N" uniqKey="Huang P">P.N. Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, P W" uniqKey="Huang P">P.W. Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, K M" uniqKey="Lee K">K.M. Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Y C" uniqKey="Liu Y">Y.C. Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, S L" uniqKey="Yang S">S.L. Yang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kuo, R L" uniqKey="Kuo R">R.L. Kuo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, K F" uniqKey="Chen K">K.F. Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Y C" uniqKey="Liu Y">Y.C. Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, S Y" uniqKey="Huang S">S.Y. Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, H I" uniqKey="Huang H">H.I. Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, M T" uniqKey="Liu M">M.T. Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, J R" uniqKey="Yang J">J.R. Yang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chiu, C H" uniqKey="Chiu C">C.H. Chiu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, C T" uniqKey="Yang C">C.T. Yang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, G W" uniqKey="Chen G">G.W. Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shih, S R" uniqKey="Shih S">S.R. Shih</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Graham, R L" uniqKey="Graham R">R.L. Graham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baric, R S" uniqKey="Baric R">R.S. Baric</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Grubaugh, N D" uniqKey="Grubaugh N">N.D. Grubaugh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hanage, W P" uniqKey="Hanage W">W.P. Hanage</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rasmussen, A L" uniqKey="Rasmussen A">A.L. Rasmussen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Guan, Y" uniqKey="Guan Y">Y. Guan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zheng, B J" uniqKey="Zheng B">B.J. Zheng</name></author><author><name sortKey="He, Y Q" uniqKey="He Y">Y.Q. He</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, X L" uniqKey="Liu X">X.L. Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhuang, Z X" uniqKey="Zhuang Z">Z.X. Zhuang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cheung, C L" uniqKey="Cheung C">C.L. Cheung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Luo, S W" uniqKey="Luo S">S.W. Luo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, P H" uniqKey="Li P">P.H. Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, L J" uniqKey="Zhang L">L.J. Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guan, Y J" uniqKey="Guan Y">Y.J. Guan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Butt, K M" uniqKey="Butt K">K.M. Butt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, K L" uniqKey="Wong K">K.L. Wong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, K W" uniqKey="Chan K">K.W. Chan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lim, W" uniqKey="Lim W">W. Lim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shortridge, K F" uniqKey="Shortridge K">K.F. Shortridge</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yuen, K Y" uniqKey="Yuen K">K.Y. Yuen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peiris, J S" uniqKey="Peiris J">J.S. Peiris</name></author><author><name sortKey="Poon, L L" uniqKey="Poon L">L.L. Poon</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Guindon, S" uniqKey="Guindon S">S. Guindon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dufayard, J F" uniqKey="Dufayard J">J.F. Dufayard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lefort, V" uniqKey="Lefort V">V. Lefort</name></author><author><name sortKey="Anisimova, M" uniqKey="Anisimova M">M. Anisimova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hordijk, W" uniqKey="Hordijk W">W. Hordijk</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gascuel, O" uniqKey="Gascuel O">O. Gascuel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Guindon, S" uniqKey="Guindon S">S. Guindon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gascuel, O" uniqKey="Gascuel O">O. Gascuel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jenkins, G M" uniqKey="Jenkins G">G.M. Jenkins</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A. Rambaut</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pybus, O G" uniqKey="Pybus O">O.G. Pybus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Holmes, E C" uniqKey="Holmes E">E.C. Holmes</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Karamouzian, M" uniqKey="Karamouzian M">M. Karamouzian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Madani, N" uniqKey="Madani N">N. Madani</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Karesh, W B" uniqKey="Karesh W">W.B. Karesh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dobson, A" uniqKey="Dobson A">A. Dobson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lloyd Smith, J O" uniqKey="Lloyd Smith J">J.O. Lloyd-Smith</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lubroth, J" uniqKey="Lubroth J">J. Lubroth</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dixon, M A" uniqKey="Dixon M">M.A. Dixon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bennett, M" uniqKey="Bennett M">M. Bennett</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aldrich, S" uniqKey="Aldrich S">S. Aldrich</name></author><author><name sortKey="Harrington, T" uniqKey="Harrington T">T. Harrington</name></author><author><name sortKey="Formenty, P" uniqKey="Formenty P">P. Formenty</name></author><author><name sortKey="Loh, E H" uniqKey="Loh E">E.H. Loh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Machalaba, C C" uniqKey="Machalaba C">C.C. Machalaba</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, M J" uniqKey="Thomas M">M.J. Thomas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Heymann, D L" uniqKey="Heymann D">D.L. Heymann</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kim, J S" uniqKey="Kim J">J.S. Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jang, J H" uniqKey="Jang J">J.H. Jang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, J M" uniqKey="Kim J">J.M. Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chung, Y S" uniqKey="Chung Y">Y.S. Chung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yoo, C K" uniqKey="Yoo C">C.K. Yoo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Han, M G" uniqKey="Han M">M.G. Han</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kim, S J" uniqKey="Kim S">S.J. Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nguyen, V G" uniqKey="Nguyen V">V.G. Nguyen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Y H" uniqKey="Park Y">Y.H. Park</name></author><author><name sortKey="Park, B K" uniqKey="Park B">B.K. Park</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chung, H C" uniqKey="Chung H">H.C. Chung</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Korber, B" uniqKey="Korber B">B. Korber</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fischer, W M" uniqKey="Fischer W">W.M. Fischer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gnanakaran, S" uniqKey="Gnanakaran S">S. Gnanakaran</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yoon, H" uniqKey="Yoon H">H. Yoon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Theiler, J" uniqKey="Theiler J">J. Theiler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abfalterer, W" uniqKey="Abfalterer W">W. Abfalterer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hengartner, N" uniqKey="Hengartner N">N. Hengartner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Giorgi, E E" uniqKey="Giorgi E">E.E. Giorgi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhattacharya, T" uniqKey="Bhattacharya T">T. Bhattacharya</name></author><author><name sortKey="Foley, B" uniqKey="Foley B">B. Foley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hastie, K M" uniqKey="Hastie K">K.M. Hastie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Parker, M D" uniqKey="Parker M">M.D. Parker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Partridge, D G" uniqKey="Partridge D">D.G. Partridge</name></author><author><name sortKey="Evans, C M" uniqKey="Evans C">C.M. Evans</name></author><author><name sortKey="Freeman, T M" uniqKey="Freeman T">T.M. Freeman</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Silva, T I" uniqKey="De Silva T">T.I. de Silva</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sheffield, C G G" uniqKey="Sheffield C">C.-G.G. Sheffield</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcdanal, C" uniqKey="Mcdanal C">C. McDanal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perez, L G" uniqKey="Perez L">L.G. Perez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tang, H" uniqKey="Tang H">H. Tang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moon Walker, A" uniqKey="Moon Walker A">A. Moon-Walker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Whelan, S P" uniqKey="Whelan S">S.P. Whelan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Labranche, C C" uniqKey="Labranche C">C.C. LaBranche</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saphire, E O" uniqKey="Saphire E">E.O. Saphire</name></author><author><name sortKey="Montefiori, D C" uniqKey="Montefiori D">D.C. Montefiori</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Laamarti, M" uniqKey="Laamarti M">M. Laamarti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kartti, S" uniqKey="Kartti S">S. Kartti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alouane, T" uniqKey="Alouane T">T. Alouane</name></author><author><name sortKey="Laamarti, R" uniqKey="Laamarti R">R. Laamarti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Allam, L" uniqKey="Allam L">L. Allam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ouadghiri, M" uniqKey="Ouadghiri M">M. Ouadghiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chemao Elfihri, M W" uniqKey="Chemao Elfihri M">M.W. Chemao-Elfihri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smyej, I" uniqKey="Smyej I">I. Smyej</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rahoui, J" uniqKey="Rahoui J">J. Rahoui</name></author><author><name sortKey="Benrahma, H" uniqKey="Benrahma H">H. Benrahma</name></author><author><name sortKey="Diawara, I" uniqKey="Diawara I">I. Diawara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Essabbar, A" uniqKey="Essabbar A">A. Essabbar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boumajdi, N" uniqKey="Boumajdi N">N. Boumajdi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bendani, H" uniqKey="Bendani H">H. Bendani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bouricha, E M" uniqKey="Bouricha E">E.M. Bouricha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aanniz, T" uniqKey="Aanniz T">T. Aanniz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Elattar, J" uniqKey="Elattar J">J. Elattar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hafidi, N E" uniqKey="Hafidi N">N.E. Hafidi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jaoudi, R E" uniqKey="Jaoudi R">R.E. Jaoudi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sbabou, L" uniqKey="Sbabou L">L. Sbabou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nejjari, C" uniqKey="Nejjari C">C. Nejjari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amzazi, S" uniqKey="Amzazi S">S. Amzazi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mentag, R" uniqKey="Mentag R">R. Mentag</name></author><author><name sortKey="Belyamani, L" uniqKey="Belyamani L">L. Belyamani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ibrahimi, A" uniqKey="Ibrahimi A">A. Ibrahimi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lefort, V" uniqKey="Lefort V">V. Lefort</name></author><author><name sortKey="Longueville, J E" uniqKey="Longueville J">J.E. Longueville</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gascuel, O" uniqKey="Gascuel O">O. Gascuel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Liu, Y C" uniqKey="Liu Y">Y.C. Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kuo, R L" uniqKey="Kuo R">R.L. Kuo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shih, S R" uniqKey="Shih S">S.R. Shih</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lokman, S M" uniqKey="Lokman S">S.M. Lokman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rasheduzzaman, M" uniqKey="Rasheduzzaman M">M. Rasheduzzaman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Salauddin, A" uniqKey="Salauddin A">A. Salauddin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barua, R" uniqKey="Barua R">R. Barua</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tanzina, A Y" uniqKey="Tanzina A">A.Y. Tanzina</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rumi, M H" uniqKey="Rumi M">M.H. Rumi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hossain, M I" uniqKey="Hossain M">M.I. Hossain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Siddiki, A" uniqKey="Siddiki A">A. Siddiki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mannan, A" uniqKey="Mannan A">A. Mannan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hasan, M M" uniqKey="Hasan M">M.M. Hasan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lu, G" uniqKey="Lu G">G. Lu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, D" uniqKey="Liu D">D. Liu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Maclean, O A" uniqKey="Maclean O">O.A. MacLean</name></author><author><name sortKey="Orton, R J" uniqKey="Orton R">R.J. Orton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Singer, J B" uniqKey="Singer J">J.B. Singer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Robertson, D L" uniqKey="Robertson D">D.L. Robertson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Maitra, A" uniqKey="Maitra A">A. Maitra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sarkar, M C" uniqKey="Sarkar M">M.C. Sarkar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Raheja, H" uniqKey="Raheja H">H. Raheja</name></author><author><name sortKey="Biswas, N K" uniqKey="Biswas N">N.K. Biswas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chakraborti, S" uniqKey="Chakraborti S">S. Chakraborti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Singh, A K" uniqKey="Singh A">A.K. Singh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ghosh, S" uniqKey="Ghosh S">S. Ghosh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sarkar, S" uniqKey="Sarkar S">S. Sarkar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Patra, S" uniqKey="Patra S">S. Patra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mondal, R K" uniqKey="Mondal R">R.K. Mondal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ghosh, T" uniqKey="Ghosh T">T. Ghosh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chatterjee, A" uniqKey="Chatterjee A">A. Chatterjee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Banu, H" uniqKey="Banu H">H. Banu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Majumdar, A" uniqKey="Majumdar A">A. Majumdar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chinnaswamy, S" uniqKey="Chinnaswamy S">S. Chinnaswamy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Srinivasan, N" uniqKey="Srinivasan N">N. Srinivasan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dutta, S" uniqKey="Dutta S">S. Dutta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Das, S" uniqKey="Das S">S. Das</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mehtar, S" uniqKey="Mehtar S">S. Mehtar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Preiser, W" uniqKey="Preiser W">W. Preiser</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lakhe, N A" uniqKey="Lakhe N">N.A. Lakhe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bousso, A" uniqKey="Bousso A">A. Bousso</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tamfum, J M" uniqKey="Tamfum J">J.M. TamFum</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kallay, O" uniqKey="Kallay O">O. Kallay</name></author><author><name sortKey="Seydi, M" uniqKey="Seydi M">M. Seydi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zumla, A" uniqKey="Zumla A">A. Zumla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nachega, J B" uniqKey="Nachega J">J.B. Nachega</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Morse, S S" uniqKey="Morse S">S.S. Morse</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mazet, J A" uniqKey="Mazet J">J.A. Mazet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Woolhouse, M" uniqKey="Woolhouse M">M. Woolhouse</name></author><author><name sortKey="Parrish, C R" uniqKey="Parrish C">C.R. Parrish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Carroll, D" uniqKey="Carroll D">D. Carroll</name></author><author><name sortKey="Karesh, W B" uniqKey="Karesh W">W.B. Karesh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zambrana Torrelio, C" uniqKey="Zambrana Torrelio C">C. Zambrana-Torrelio</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lipkin, W I" uniqKey="Lipkin W">W.I. Lipkin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Daszak, P" uniqKey="Daszak P">P. Daszak</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Moya, A" uniqKey="Moya A">A. Moya</name></author><author><name sortKey="Holmes, E C" uniqKey="Holmes E">E.C. Holmes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Candelas, F" uniqKey="Gonzalez Candelas F">F. Gonzalez-Candelas</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="De Maio, N" uniqKey="De Maio N">N. De Maio</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cw" uniqKey="Cw">CW</name></author><author><name sortKey="Borges, R" uniqKey="Borges R">R. Borges</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weilguny, L" uniqKey="Weilguny L">L. Weilguny</name></author><author><name sortKey="Slodkowicz, G" uniqKey="Slodkowicz G">G. Slodkowicz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Goldman, N" uniqKey="Goldman N">N. Goldman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nasir, A" uniqKey="Nasir A">A. Nasir</name></author><author><name sortKey="Caetano Anolles, G" uniqKey="Caetano Anolles G">G. Caetano-Anolles</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ou, X" uniqKey="Ou X">X. Ou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Y" uniqKey="Liu Y">Y. Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lei, X" uniqKey="Lei X">X. Lei</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, P" uniqKey="Li P">P. Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mi, D" uniqKey="Mi D">D. Mi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ren, L" uniqKey="Ren L">L. Ren</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guo, L" uniqKey="Guo L">L. Guo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guo, R" uniqKey="Guo R">R. Guo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, T" uniqKey="Chen T">T. Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, J" uniqKey="Hu J">J. Hu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Xiang, Z" uniqKey="Xiang Z">Z. Xiang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mu, Z" uniqKey="Mu Z">Z. Mu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, X" uniqKey="Chen X">X. Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, J" uniqKey="Chen J">J. Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, K" uniqKey="Hu K">K. Hu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jin, Q" uniqKey="Jin Q">Q. Jin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, J" uniqKey="Wang J">J. Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Qian, Z" uniqKey="Qian Z">Z. Qian</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pachetti, M" uniqKey="Pachetti M">M. Pachetti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marini, B" uniqKey="Marini B">B. Marini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Benedetti, F" uniqKey="Benedetti F">F. Benedetti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Giudici, F" uniqKey="Giudici F">F. Giudici</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mauro, E" uniqKey="Mauro E">E. Mauro</name></author><author><name sortKey="Storici, P" uniqKey="Storici P">P. Storici</name></author><author><name sortKey="Masciovecchio, C" uniqKey="Masciovecchio C">C. Masciovecchio</name></author><author><name sortKey="Angeletti, S" uniqKey="Angeletti S">S. Angeletti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ciccozzi, M" uniqKey="Ciccozzi M">M. Ciccozzi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gallo, R C" uniqKey="Gallo R">R.C. Gallo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zella, D" uniqKey="Zella D">D. Zella</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ippodrino, R" uniqKey="Ippodrino R">R. Ippodrino</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Peiris, J S" uniqKey="Peiris J">J.S. Peiris</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yuen, K Y" uniqKey="Yuen K">K.Y. Yuen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Osterhaus, A D" uniqKey="Osterhaus A">A.D. Osterhaus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stohr, K" uniqKey="Stohr K">K. Stohr</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pybus, O G" uniqKey="Pybus O">O.G. Pybus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A. Rambaut</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A. Rambaut</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A. Rambaut</name></author><author><name sortKey="Suchard, M" uniqKey="Suchard M">M. Suchard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Xie, D" uniqKey="Xie D">D. Xie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Drummond, A" uniqKey="Drummond A">A. Drummond</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Robson, B" uniqKey="Robson B">B. Robson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rozewicki, J" uniqKey="Rozewicki J">J. Rozewicki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, S" uniqKey="Li S">S. Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amada, K M" uniqKey="Amada K">K.M. Amada</name></author><author><name sortKey="Standley, D M" uniqKey="Standley D">D.M. Standley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Katoh, K" uniqKey="Katoh K">K. Katoh</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sawaya, T" uniqKey="Sawaya T">T. Sawaya</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ballouz, T" uniqKey="Ballouz T">T. Ballouz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zaraket, H" uniqKey="Zaraket H">H. Zaraket</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rizk, N" uniqKey="Rizk N">N. Rizk</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sevajol, M" uniqKey="Sevajol M">M. Sevajol</name></author><author><name sortKey="Subissi, L" uniqKey="Subissi L">L. Subissi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Decroly, E" uniqKey="Decroly E">E. Decroly</name></author><author><name sortKey="Canard, B" uniqKey="Canard B">B. Canard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Imbert, I" uniqKey="Imbert I">I. Imbert</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shannon, A" uniqKey="Shannon A">A. Shannon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Le, N T" uniqKey="Le N">N.T. Le</name></author><author><name sortKey="Selisko, B" uniqKey="Selisko B">B. Selisko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eydoux, C" uniqKey="Eydoux C">C. Eydoux</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alvarez, K" uniqKey="Alvarez K">K. Alvarez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guillemot, J C" uniqKey="Guillemot J">J.C. Guillemot</name></author><author><name sortKey="Decroly, E" uniqKey="Decroly E">E. Decroly</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peersen, O" uniqKey="Peersen O">O. Peersen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ferron, F" uniqKey="Ferron F">F. Ferron</name></author><author><name sortKey="Canard, B" uniqKey="Canard B">B. Canard</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shu, Y" uniqKey="Shu Y">Y. Shu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mccauley, J" uniqKey="Mccauley J">J. McCauley</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Su, S" uniqKey="Su S">S. Su</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, G" uniqKey="Wong G">G. Wong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, W" uniqKey="Shi W">W. Shi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, J" uniqKey="Liu J">J. Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lai, A C K" uniqKey="Lai A">A.C.K. Lai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, J" uniqKey="Zhou J">J. Zhou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, W" uniqKey="Liu W">W. Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bi, Y" uniqKey="Bi Y">Y. Bi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gao, G F" uniqKey="Gao G">G.F. Gao</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tai, W" uniqKey="Tai W">W. Tai</name></author><author><name sortKey="He, L" uniqKey="He L">L. He</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, X" uniqKey="Zhang X">X. Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pu, J" uniqKey="Pu J">J. Pu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Voronin, D" uniqKey="Voronin D">D. Voronin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, S" uniqKey="Jiang S">S. Jiang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, Y" uniqKey="Zhou Y">Y. Zhou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Du, L" uniqKey="Du L">L. Du</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tamura, K" uniqKey="Tamura K">K. Tamura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stecher, G" uniqKey="Stecher G">G. Stecher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peterson, D" uniqKey="Peterson D">D. Peterson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Filipski, A" uniqKey="Filipski A">A. Filipski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kumar, S" uniqKey="Kumar S">S. Kumar</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tang, X" uniqKey="Tang X">X. Tang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, C" uniqKey="Wu C">C. Wu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, X" uniqKey="Li X">X. Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Song, Y" uniqKey="Song Y">Y. Song</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yao, X" uniqKey="Yao X">X. Yao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, X" uniqKey="Wu X">X. Wu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Duan, Y" uniqKey="Duan Y">Y. Duan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, H" uniqKey="Zhang H">H. Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Y" uniqKey="Wang Y">Y. Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Qian, Z" uniqKey="Qian Z">Z. Qian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cui, J" uniqKey="Cui J">J. Cui</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, J" uniqKey="Lu J">J. Lu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Volz, E" uniqKey="Volz E">E. Volz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hill, V" uniqKey="Hill V">V. Hill</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mccrone, J T" uniqKey="Mccrone J">J.T. McCrone</name></author><author><name sortKey="Price, A" uniqKey="Price A">A. Price</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jorgensen, D" uniqKey="Jorgensen D">D. Jorgensen</name></author><author><name sortKey="O Toole, A" uniqKey="O Toole A">A. O'Toole</name></author><author><name sortKey="Southgate, J" uniqKey="Southgate J">J. Southgate</name></author><author><name sortKey="Johnson, R" uniqKey="Johnson R">R. Johnson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jackson, B" uniqKey="Jackson B">B. Jackson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nascimento, F F" uniqKey="Nascimento F">F.F. Nascimento</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rey, S M" uniqKey="Rey S">S.M. Rey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nicholls, S M" uniqKey="Nicholls S">S.M. Nicholls</name></author><author><name sortKey="Colquhoun, R M" uniqKey="Colquhoun R">R.M. Colquhoun</name></author><author><name sortKey="Da Silva Filipe, A" uniqKey="Da Silva Filipe A">A. da Silva Filipe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shepherd, J" uniqKey="Shepherd J">J. Shepherd</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pascall, D J" uniqKey="Pascall D">D.J. Pascall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shah, R" uniqKey="Shah R">R. Shah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jesudason, N" uniqKey="Jesudason N">N. Jesudason</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, K" uniqKey="Li K">K. Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jarrett, R" uniqKey="Jarrett R">R. Jarrett</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pacchiarini, N" uniqKey="Pacchiarini N">N. Pacchiarini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bull, M" uniqKey="Bull M">M. Bull</name></author><author><name sortKey="Geidelberg, L" uniqKey="Geidelberg L">L. Geidelberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Siveroni, I" uniqKey="Siveroni I">I. Siveroni</name></author><author><name sortKey="Consortium, C U" uniqKey="Consortium C">C.-U. Consortium</name></author><author><name sortKey="Goodfellow, I" uniqKey="Goodfellow I">I. Goodfellow</name></author><author><name sortKey="Loman, N J" uniqKey="Loman N">N.J. Loman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pybus, O G" uniqKey="Pybus O">O.G. Pybus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Robertson, D L" uniqKey="Robertson D">D.L. Robertson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thomson, E C" uniqKey="Thomson E">E.C. Thomson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A. Rambaut</name></author><author><name sortKey="Connor, T R" uniqKey="Connor T">T.R. Connor</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Walls, A C" uniqKey="Walls A">A.C. Walls</name></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Y J" uniqKey="Park Y">Y.J. Park</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tortorici, M A" uniqKey="Tortorici M">M.A. Tortorici</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wall, A" uniqKey="Wall A">A. Wall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcguire, A T" uniqKey="Mcguire A">A.T. McGuire</name></author><author><name sortKey="Veesler, D" uniqKey="Veesler D">D. Veesler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Woo, P C" uniqKey="Woo P">P.C. Woo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lau, S K" uniqKey="Lau S">S.K. Lau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Y" uniqKey="Huang Y">Y. Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yuen, K Y" uniqKey="Yuen K">K.Y. Yuen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Worldometer" uniqKey="Worldometer">Worldometer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Xia, S" uniqKey="Xia S">S. Xia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, M" uniqKey="Liu M">M. Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, C" uniqKey="Wang C">C. Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Xu, W" uniqKey="Xu W">W. Xu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lan, Q" uniqKey="Lan Q">Q. Lan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Feng, S" uniqKey="Feng S">S. Feng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Qi, F" uniqKey="Qi F">F. Qi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bao, L" uniqKey="Bao L">L. Bao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Du, L" uniqKey="Du L">L. Du</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, S" uniqKey="Liu S">S. Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Qin, C" uniqKey="Qin C">C. Qin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sun, F" uniqKey="Sun F">F. Sun</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, Z" uniqKey="Shi Z">Z. Shi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhu, Y" uniqKey="Zhu Y">Y. Zhu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, S" uniqKey="Jiang S">S. Jiang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, L" uniqKey="Lu L">L. Lu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yang, X" uniqKey="Yang X">X. Yang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dong, N" uniqKey="Dong N">N. Dong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, E W C" uniqKey="Chan E">E.W.-C. Chan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, S" uniqKey="Chen S">S. Chen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yurkovetskiy, L" uniqKey="Yurkovetskiy L">L. Yurkovetskiy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pascal, K E" uniqKey="Pascal K">K.E. Pascal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tomkins Tinch, C" uniqKey="Tomkins Tinch C">C. Tomkins-Tinch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nyalile, T" uniqKey="Nyalile T">T. Nyalile</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Y" uniqKey="Wang Y">Y. Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baum, A" uniqKey="Baum A">A. Baum</name></author><author><name sortKey="Diehl, W E" uniqKey="Diehl W">W.E. Diehl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dauphin, A" uniqKey="Dauphin A">A. Dauphin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Carbone, C" uniqKey="Carbone C">C. Carbone</name></author><author><name sortKey="Veinotte, K" uniqKey="Veinotte K">K. Veinotte</name></author><author><name sortKey="Egri, S B" uniqKey="Egri S">S.B. Egri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schaffner, S F" uniqKey="Schaffner S">S.F. Schaffner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lemieux, J E" uniqKey="Lemieux J">J.E. Lemieux</name></author><author><name sortKey="Munro, J" uniqKey="Munro J">J. Munro</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sabeti, P C" uniqKey="Sabeti P">P.C. Sabeti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kyratsous, C A" uniqKey="Kyratsous C">C.A. Kyratsous</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shen, K" uniqKey="Shen K">K. Shen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Luban, J" uniqKey="Luban J">J. Luban</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zhang, L" uniqKey="Zhang L">L. Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jackson, C B" uniqKey="Jackson C">C.B. Jackson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mou, H" uniqKey="Mou H">H. Mou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ojha, A" uniqKey="Ojha A">A. Ojha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rangarajan, E S" uniqKey="Rangarajan E">E.S. Rangarajan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Izard, T" uniqKey="Izard T">T. Izard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Farzan, M" uniqKey="Farzan M">M. Farzan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Choe, H" uniqKey="Choe H">H. Choe</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Jordanie</li><li>Suède</li></country></list><tree><country name="Jordanie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Sallam, Malik" sort="Sallam, Malik" uniqKey="Sallam M" first="Malik" last="Sallam">Malik Sallam</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Ababneh, Nidaa A" sort="Ababneh, Nidaa A" uniqKey="Ababneh N" first="Nidaa A." last="Ababneh">Nidaa A. Ababneh</name><name sortKey="Bakri, Faris G" sort="Bakri, Faris G" uniqKey="Bakri F" first="Faris G." last="Bakri">Faris G. Bakri</name><name sortKey="Bakri, Faris G" sort="Bakri, Faris G" uniqKey="Bakri F" first="Faris G." last="Bakri">Faris G. Bakri</name><name sortKey="Bakri, Faris G" sort="Bakri, Faris G" uniqKey="Bakri F" first="Faris G." last="Bakri">Faris G. Bakri</name><name sortKey="Dababseh, Deema" sort="Dababseh, Deema" uniqKey="Dababseh D" first="Deema" last="Dababseh">Deema Dababseh</name><name sortKey="Mahafzah, Azmi" sort="Mahafzah, Azmi" uniqKey="Mahafzah A" first="Azmi" last="Mahafzah">Azmi Mahafzah</name><name sortKey="Mahafzah, Azmi" sort="Mahafzah, Azmi" uniqKey="Mahafzah A" first="Azmi" last="Mahafzah">Azmi Mahafzah</name><name sortKey="Sallam, Malik" sort="Sallam, Malik" uniqKey="Sallam M" first="Malik" last="Sallam">Malik Sallam</name></country><country name="Suède"><noRegion><name sortKey="Sallam, Malik" sort="Sallam, Malik" uniqKey="Sallam M" first="Malik" last="Sallam">Malik Sallam</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Sante/explor/MaghrebDataLibMedV2/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000774 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 000774 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Sante
|area= MaghrebDataLibMedV2
|flux= Main
|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:7817394
|texte= Temporal increase in D614G mutation of SARS-CoV-2 in the Middle East and North Africa
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:33495741" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a MaghrebDataLibMedV2
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.38. |  |